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语法的考查重点3

[10-16 11:23:24]   来源:http://www.xuehuiba.com  四级词汇语法   阅读:8949
概要:Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ____ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A.with which B.for which C.of which D.which (2000.6)D. 更多的是看关系词与先行词之间的关系,如:He has composed many pieces of music popular with young people, of which this is an example.这里用of which因为,正常的结构是an example of the music.E. 有时介词与先行词构成短语,如7)题,to which源于to … extent的短语搭配。1997年1月也有一道题考查该短语搭配。It is useful to be able to predict the extent ________which a pricechange wil
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  Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ____ obtaining fresh water is not the least.

  A.with which B.for which C.of which D.which (2000.6)

  D. 更多的是看关系词与先行词之间的关系,如:

  He has composed many pieces of music popular with young people, of which this is an example.

  这里用of which因为,正常的结构是an example of the music.

  E. 有时介词与先行词构成短语,如7)题,to which源于to … extent的短语搭配。1997年1月也有一道题考查该短语搭配。

  It is useful to be able to predict the extent ________which a price

  change will affect supply and demand.

  A.from B.with C.to D.for (1997.1)

  ④ 注意as引导的非限制性定语从句的用法

  as引导非限制性定语从句时,可置于句首,也可置于句尾,表示“正如……”。如上面的4)和10)两题。

  一般as引导定语从句时,其先行词为整个主句。which引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词也可以是主句或主句中的一部分。但,as从句表示的行为经常是在主句行为之前,而which引导的定语从句表示的却在主句之后,表示连续发生的事情或结果等。如:

  He promised to help me, which he did.

  He was often late for work, which cost him his job.

  ⑤ 注意先行词为时间、地点或原因时,关系词的选用。如果用when, where 或why,关系词在从句中应该是做状语,否则的话则应该用which/that等。如上面9)中,先行词在从句中visit的宾语,关系词不能用where,而只能是that/which.再如:

  I will never forget the days that I spent with my friends in the country.

  ⑥ 关系词做代替的成分在从句中不能再次出现。

  ⑦ 注意定语从句与同位语从句的区别。如:

  There are signs ____ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.

  A.that B.which C.in which D.whose (2000.6)

  由于signs与后面的restaurants没有修饰和被修饰关系,所以whose不对,如果是定语从句,关系词代替signs,而从句中不需要该词。所以这里不是定语从句而是同位语从句,从句表示sign的内容。

  ⑧ 适当注意that和which的不同,什么情况下只能用that,什么情况下只能用which.

  ⑨ 注意从句与其它成分的区别,如下题:

  As _________announced in today's papers, the Shanghai Export Commoditier Fair is also open on Sundays.

  A.being B.is C.to be D.been (1997.1)

  这里涉及到从句与非谓语动词的区别,如果是非谓语动词的话,则是保留了连词的非谓语动词做状语,根据announce与句子主语之间的关系,应该什么都不填,这里还是定语从句。答案为B.

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