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新托福阅读题型解题攻略(3)

[10-16 11:23:24]   来源:http://www.xuehuiba.com  托福阅读   阅读:8694
概要:IBT阅读修饰目的题的解决策略修饰目的题在一定程度上也叫例证题,它主要考查考生透过表面特定的修辞方法/方式发掘潜在的目的能力。发现外在修辞特征背后的修辞目的是这类题目的主要考察点。一般来说,问题会要求考生理解为什么作者在文章中用某些词,词组和句子。在IBT考试中会有3-4个这类型题目。1、修辞目的题的两种考察形式:在阅读考试中,这类题目有两种不同的考察形式:一种是给出修辞手段问目的,另一种是给出修辞目的问手段。其常见的题目形式如下:The author uses X as an example of…Why does the author mention X?Why does the author compare … to …?Why does the author use the word … in discussing…?The author discusses X in paragraph X in order to…The author uses X as an example of…2、解题技巧找
新托福阅读题型解题攻略(3),标签:托福阅读标准,托福阅读技巧,http://www.xuehuiba.com

  IBT阅读修饰目的题的解决策略

  修饰目的题在一定程度上也叫例证题,它主要考查考生透过表面特定的修辞方法/方式发掘潜在的目的能力。发现外在修辞特征背后的修辞目的是这类题目的主要考察点。一般来说,问题会要求考生理解为什么作者在文章中用某些词,词组和句子。在IBT考试中会有3-4个这类型题目。

  1、修辞目的题的两种考察形式:

  在阅读考试中,这类题目有两种不同的考察形式:一种是给出修辞手段问目的,另一种是给出修辞目的问手段。

  其常见的题目形式如下:

  The author uses X as an example of…

  Why does the author mention X?

  Why does the author compare … to …?

  Why does the author use the word … in discussing…?

  The author discusses X in paragraph X in order to…

  The author uses X as an example of…

  2、解题技巧

  找出这些修辞方法所用的关键词,例如定义中所用的同位语;描述事物大小、形状的形容词和名词;举例用的词,如,for instance,for example, in other words;用来解释的词语,如because, this is why, due to等。

  我们来看一个例子:

  One of the most puzzling aspects of the paintings is their location. Other rock paintings,for example, those of Bushmen in South Africa are either located near cave entrances or completely in the open. Cave paintings in France and Spain, however, are in recesses and caverns far removed from original cave entrances.

  Why does the author mention Bushmen in South Africa in paragraph 2?

  To suggest that ancient artists from all over the world painted animals on rocks

  To contrast the location of their rock paintings to those found at Lascaux

  To support the claim that early artists worked in cramped spaces

  To give an example of other artists who painted in hidden locations

  首先分析问题题目,找出其中的关键词:Bushmen in South Africa.之后回到原文看其前后的句子,找到原文的关键词for example,通过分析知道,这一例子的目的是为了说明它前面的那句话,即这些绘画的位置令人费解。作者以对比的手法来说明这一点:Bushmen in South Africa的绘画常位于洞口或洞外,而法国和西班牙的洞穴绘画(本文所说的绘画)却位于远离最初洞口的深处。由此可见,Bushmen in South Africa的例子是为了说明Lascaux绘画位置的怪异。第二个选项符合此意,为正确答案。

  总之,解决这类问题的步骤可以总结为:分析问题题目找出关键词,返回原文找原文中的关键词,理解上下文得出答案。

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  与老托福相比较, IBT阅读和其他部分一样有很大的变化。

  IBT阅读的主要变化有五点:
  1. 题目的数量减少:从之前老托50道题目减少到目前39道;
  2. 文章的篇数减少:从之前的5篇减少到目前的3篇;
  3. 文章内容的长度增加:内容字数从之前的350字左右增加到目前650-700字/篇;
  4. 题目的分数参差不齐:各个类型题目的分数根据其难易程度而定;
  5. 出现了三类新题型:句子插入题, 句意解释题目和表格题是新出现的题目类。

解决IBT阅读中的插入句子题的五大步骤

  插入句子题是IBT阅读中的新题性。这类题目是给出一句话让我们来判断这句话应加入一个段落中四个方块的哪个部分,用鼠标双击所选的黑色方块即可。做这类题目的关键首先是理解该句子,寻找其中的衔接词,分析这个句子的特点和其在文中的作用,然后把这个句子带入原文中检验其是否合适。

  掌握衔接词是解答插入句子题的关键

  掌握衔接词对解答这类问题非常重要,因为它是理解上下文和这个句子的逻辑关系的核心。衔接词语主要包括代词(指示代词,例如this, these their, it, such, another ,这些通常是上文提到过的,所以可以采用就近原则来做。);关键同义词,重复出现的形容词,副词和名词;表示因果,转折等关系的过渡词语:如,therefore, so, however, as a result, consequently, on the contrary, however 等;递进扩展词:如,furthermore, also, as well, too, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally等;结构配对词:如,on the one hand…。 on the other hand,some…others,同时还要注意一些表示顺序的词,如first ,second ,third等。

  我们来具体来一个例子:

  1. But there is also another special kind of conversational flow among Southern women that contributed to their writing. 2. Some of their talk took the form of tales and vignettes told for their own sake.3. Sometimes humorous, sometimes sad; all were as bright as the figures in the fine needlepoint. 4.

  Look at the four positions that indicate where the following sentences can be added to the …paragraph of the passage.

  These tales included grotesque, comic, and poetic descriptions, character sketches, narratives, gusts of feeling, delicate ironies, and astute observations.

  Click on a position to add the sentence to the passage.

  A: position 1 B: Position 2 C: Position 3 D: Position 4

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